Machine for forming paper



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

W. H. RANKIN MACHINE FOR FORMING PAPER, CLOTH, OR OTHER FABRIC INTO TWOOR MORE PLY.

No. 302,938. Patented Aug. 5, 1884,

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. H. RANKIN.

MACHINE FOR FORMING PAPER, CLOTH, OR OTHER FABRIC INTO TWO OR MORE PLY.No. 302,938. Patented Aug. 5, 1884.

N PETERS. Pbulolilhognphur. Washinglnn. 0.0

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\VILLIAM H. RANKIN, OF ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY.

MACHINE FOR FORMING PAPER, CLOTH/0R OTHER FABRIC INTO TWO OR MORE FLY.

EPECTEICATIGN forming part of Letters Patent No. 302,938, dated August5, 1884. Application filed April 21, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern;

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. RANKIN, of the city of Elizabeth, Unioncounty, in the State ofNew Jersey, and a citizen ofthe United States,have invented a new and useful improvement in machines for formingpaper, cloth, or other fabric into two or more plies by means ofasphaltum, paste, glue, or other plastic adhesive substance, so as toform one uniform thickness of a homogeneous nature, of which thefollowing is a specification.

Machines heretofore used for putting together two or more plies orlayers of paper, or paper and cloth, or of any sheets or webs of fabric,so as to form one, usually consists of sets or pairs of rollers orcylindersif for forming two-ply, one set of two rollers or cylinders,usually of iron or of other metallicsubstance, and of any desirabledimensions, but of equal diameters, and usually being inlength equal ornearly equal to the width of the paper or cloth or other fabric to beput together. They are adjusted and made to revolve in a horizontalposition upon pivots or bearings so adjusted by means of any of thewell-known mechanical devices with adjustable screws or springs, orboth, so as to be readily adjusted to the thickness of the materialrequired to be passed between them. Their ends are also adjusted to ayoke or collar, which fits closely to the ends of the cylinders, and asnear water-tight as may be, passing below the centers or axis of saidcylinders, and rising so that the upper edge is at any required distanceabove the opposing lines of the faces of the two cylinders, usually tothe height of the cylinders themselves, which yoke or collar forms, withthe upper opposing surfaces of the cylinders, a trough for theintroduction and holding of paste, paint, glue, asphaltum, or othersubstance used in holding the paper or other fabric together. The paperor other fabric to be united in one thickness is hung on pivoted rollersparallel with the said cylinders, and at any required angle above theplane of the axis of the cylinders over and between which the paper orfabric is to pass-one roll at either side of the said cylinder. Thecylinders are provided with a yoke or end piece fitting snug- 1y to theends of the cylinders.

This yoke may be of hollow metal, for the introduction 01 steam for thepurpose of keeping warm and pliable the paste or other substance used asa layer between the layers of paper or other fabric for uniting them.The paper or other fabric as it unrolls is passed underneath a smallerroller or frictioirrod, usually placed a little below the upper surfaceof the cylinders, and. then brought up and over the said cylinders, andthe two webs or sheets of paper, cloth, or other fabric are carried overand in contact with the faces of and between the two cylinders,receiving upon their opposing surfaces, in their passage through thetrough, formed as above described, whatever desired substance may beused for a layer or coating material for uniting the two thicknesses ofpaper when brought together and pressed between the opposing cylinders.There is thus formed, on passing the fabric over and between thecylinders, and through the trough formed by means of the yokes adjustedto the ends of the cylinders supplied with the necessary adhesivesubstance, and in manner aforesaid, a two-ply fabric, which is carriedout from under the cylinders and along upon a moving bed or apron orrollers, to any desired distance from the place of uniting the same, androlled up for future use in rolls of any desired size. WVhen more thantwo-ply fabric is desired to be made, the usual method has been to passthe two ply already formed, as above described, between a second set ofcylinders set in the same manner as above described, when it is unitedto a third sheet or web of paper, cloth, or other fabric, by the samecompound or adhesive substance, and by the same mechanical devices; orthe first formed twoply is taken and passed between the same cylinderswith a third web or sheet, as before described, thus forming a three-plyfabric, and so continued to the formation of any number of ply fabric.The three ply fabric thus formed is liable to imperfections from lack ofuniformity of the tension of the third ply with the already-formedtwo-ply, one ply of the latter becoming the center of the threeply to bethus formed, and also from lack of uniformity of temperature of theplastic or adhesive material used for uniting the same,

and thereby prevents so perfect a union as might be desired, oftenresulting in blistering or the starting in places of the last layer offabric from the other portion which makes up the three or four ply; andalso the machinery to produce the three-ply must be duplicated, or elsethe two-ply must be passed through the same machine a second time totake a third layer, thereby very greatly increasing the expense inmachinery or manual labor, or both, of the manufacture of threeply overthe two-ply, besides the cost of the material used. By my improvements Iobviate these difficulties and form or make a better and more perfectthreeply fabric,or any of more than two-ply, and at a less expense thanthe methods heretofore used.

My improvement and invention consists, first,in forming the yoke orcollar 0, (which at the ends of the cylindrical rollers, and inconjunction with them, forms the trough for the paste or other substanceto be applied to the paper or other fabric,) dishing or scooped out onthe inner side, so that the ends of the trough will extend beyond theends of the rollers for any convenient distance, substantially as seenin the drawings,O0, Figs. 2and3; and,secondly, in means for aiding thepassing a third sheet of paper or other fabric through the sametronghand between the same rollers or cylinders at the same time with the twofor the outer surfaces, and thus at one operation form a three-plymaterial, as seen at R, D, and P", Fig. 1 of the drawings, 1? and Icontaining the fabric for the two outerla'yers of paper, and P that forthe third or inner ply, and D an adj ustable friction-bar pivoted at dfor the purpose of guiding the inner ply and giving it the propertension as it passes between the rollers 13 B with the other two-ply. Ifa fourth ply is required, a.

second friction-bar may be added and the two adjusted to the properposition. By extending' the length of the trough beyond the ends of thecylindrical rollers it permits the liquid or semi-liquid paste or othersubstance used for uniting the layers of paper or other fabric to bepoured into the trough at any point, and to flow freely around the edgesof the third or inner ply or sheet or sheets of paper or other fabricheld between the two outer sheets while descending through the trough,and thus become applied to the two sides of the inner sheet or sheets offabric. The yoke C, as well as the rollers B B, may be made hollow andadjusted to hot steam-pipes for the reception of steam for heating orpreserving the temperature of the semi-liquid paste, asphalt, or

other substance used in forming a layer between and holding together thefabric, or saturating the same to make it water-proof.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my improvedmachine. Fig. 2 shows the improved yoke or collar detached, which forms,with the rollers B B, the trough for holding the paste or othersubstance used in cementing together and waterproofing the fabric. Fig.3 is a plan .or top view of my improved machine.

A A is the frame that supports the machine, and S the driving-shaft.

B B are two cylindrical rollers, so arranged by means of set-screws andsprings as to be easily adjusted to any required thickness of paper orfabric to be passed between them, and at the same time to have theproper amount of pressure in forming the two or three or other ply ofmaterial.

C is the yoke or collar.

1? P are two rolls of paper or fabric held in stanchions It B, whichform the outer layers, and P is a roll making an inner ply held on astanchion, It.

D is a friction-bar pivoted as at d, which may be adjusted at anyrequired angle for holding taut, guiding, and steadying the fabric fromthe roll 1? as it is fed between the rollers and the two outer layers ofpaper or fabric.

M'are small friction-rollers for holding taut the paperor other fabricas it passes over the cylinders B B, and G is a small friction-roller,beneath which the formed two or three or other ply fabric passes as itis carried off in any convenient way and to any convenient place in itsfinished state from the machine.

Having described my invention,what claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is

1. The yoke or collar (J, having a depression or cavity, 0, upon itsface, for the purposes specified.

2. In combination, the rollers B B and yoke O, substantially as and forthe purposes specified.

3. In combination, the rollers B B, yoke O, and friction-bar l),substantially as and for the purposes specified.

- WVILLIAM H. RANKIN.

\Vitnesses:

J OHN P. HUNT, J12, JAMES M. TULLY.

